He called to go back to the ways of early islam when the literal. Throughout history, he is considered one of the very few distinguished scholars of islam. Wahhabism the school of ibn taymiyyah the root of terrorism d m s sultan. Ibn taymiyyah was born in syria on 22 january 1263.
This is a sectarian method for you to purify your school. Ibn taymiyyah was trained in this school and he had studied ibn hanbals musnad in great detail, having studied it over multiple times. Sunni sheikh exposing ibn taymiyyah s views on the family of the prophet. Sixteenthcentury sunni scholar ibn hajar alhaytami denounced athari views associated with ibn taymiyyah. The ideas of ibn taymiyyah and the reaction of ahl assunnah. It follows the theology of ibn taymiyyah and the hanbali school of jurisprudence, although hanbali leaders renounced ibn abd alwahhabs views. However, of the four sunni sects, the hanbalite are the most radical follower of hadiths and presentday salafists consider imam hambal one of their. In the world of medieval islam generally, and particularly in the mamluk period. Al aqidah al wasitiyyah 2 vol set by shaikh al islam ibn taymiyyah s shaikh al islam ibn taymiyyah s on free shipping on qualifying offers. He was a prolific writer who belonged to the hanbali school of jurisprudence. Laamiyyah attributed to shaykh alislaam ibn taymiyyah. To our respected brother shaikh muhammad adly, and to our dear internet readers, we would like to present our final conclusions of the debate between myself and shaikh adly in the following two parts. Founded by mohammed ibn abdul wahab who was influenced by the writings of ibn taymiyyah.
Wahhabism is named after an eighteenthcentury preacher and activist, muhammad ibn abd alwahhab 17031792. Though he preferred the hanbali school of jurisprudence, he was never biased in favor of it, he frequently quotes the opinions of all four of the wellknown schools of jurisprudence, even others. The edict of sultan muhammad ibn qalawun regarding ibn. Professors michots interests also encompass the history of muslim thought during the mamluk and ilkhan periods, as well as modern islamic movements.
The originator of the wahhabiyah movement had been a sufi adept in his youth, but later came under the influence of ibn taymiyyah s writings. The school of thought referred to herein as wahhabism was founded by. In this section, we deemed it fitting to take a survey of the life of muhammad ibn abd alwahhab, known as the shaykh, and muhammad saud. What is the difference in beliefs between islamic state. His main field of research is the history of muslim thought with special reference to avicenna ibn sina, his predecessors and his impact on sunni thought and ibn taymiyyah. His life coincided with a politically turbulent time, which likely had a profound impact on his views. Jun 30, 2015 a look at the root and ideology of wahhabism.
Origins of wahhabism from hanbali fiqh escholarship. The fatawas of shaikhulislam ibn taymiyyah rahimahullah. According to ibn taymiyyah, the ulama are responsible for the protection of the divine law. Ibn abd alwahhab was influenced by the writings of scholars such as ibn taymiyya5 and heavily relied on the quran and the hadith. He attended an institution founded by ahmad ibn hanbal. Salafiyya is a modern movement that deems to redefine islam, thus its revisionist in nature. His father was a leading scholar of the hanbalite school of islamic law and so was his grandfather, who authored muntaqaa alakhbaar, the text of ash. Jun 26, 2016 ibn taymiyyah was only slightly more violent than other islamic scholars. He studied in basra, in what is now iraq, and possibly mecca and medina while there to perform hajj, before returning to his home town of uyayna in 1740. This documentary studies their teachings and why so much hatred is seen towards other religions and sects because of their teachings. On the contrary, ibn taymiyyah was himself an adherent of the hanbali school of law, and ibn alzamlaknai praised him as being one of those who reached the level of mujtahid in the school from the dr. Sunnis are in majority and almost 90% percent of muslims around the world belong to sunni sect whereas the members of wahabi movement are located in saudi arab.
He belonged to the hanbalite school of islamic law, founded by the 9 th century scholar imam ahmed hunbal. What is the difference between wahhabism and sunni islam. This question has become especially complicated over the past two centuries with the rise of various sunni reform. Topics discussed within include a summarized account of the life of shaykh muhammad ibn abd alwahhab, one of the prominent figures of this movement, and some of the major ideological issues in which wahhabis deviate from mainstream muslims like tawassul, ziyarah, tawil of the quran, etc. There is no evidence to indicate that there was a conspiracy divkne ibn taymiyyah to condemn him, as wahhabis and other salafis purport in his defense. Dec 05, 20 the background of wahhabism muhammad ibn. The roots can be traced to a defunct hitherto unheard of alleged sheikh by the name of ibn taimiyya who was a marginalized heterodox of his times and shu. Wahhab himself heavily influenced by the radical preacher ibn taymiyyah 11th century ce. What is the difference between salafi and wahhabi schools. The founder of wahhabism, mohammad ibn abdalwahhab, was born around 170203 in the small oasis town of uyayna in the najd region, in what is now central saudi arabia. I assume their base thoughts and beliefs are relatively the same, and we cannot separate their beliefs.
The concept of iman, faith, is fundamental to islam. Thus he could be found in the line of the hanbali6 school of thought. Our forgiving god 3abn sabbath school panel q4 2019 duration. Despite such a vast population figure, there is no definitive answer to what makes a muslim sunni. Salafism, wahhabism, and the definition of sunni islam. Shaykh alislam ibn taymiyyah and he is none other than alimam albazzar and he called this book alalam alaliyyah fi manaqib ibn taymiyyah, and he is the most qualified to write about him. It follows the theology of ibn taymiyyah and the hanbali school of. Then, after a decline in original scholarship in the hanbali school in the eighteenth century, mu. The debate sulayman and muhammad over ibn taymiyyah provides a snapshot of what the intellectual history of any major faith tradition is truly about. A cursory glance at the life account of shaykh ibn abd alwahhab. He was impacted significantly by the fundamentalist religious scholar taqi aldin ibn taymiyya, who advocated a. Alhamdulillah, who is clear of having a thing or one similar or equal to him. This is a translation of the edict of the honorable sultan nasir aldunya wa deen, muhammad ibn qalawun. Ibn taymiyyah and his heretical beliefs my religion islam.
Muhammad ibn abd alwahab, the father of the movement, was a student of the hanbali school of islamic jurisprudence, which is considered the most conservative strand of sunni islam. So, in a sense, wahhabism is to islam what mormonism is to christianity, if the british had given joseph smith cutting edge weapons to build a bloodthirsty far reaching empire for his filthy sex abuse cult, while donald trump. A member of the hanbali school, ibn taymiyyahs iconoclastic views on. His full name was ahmad ibn abdul halim ibn abdul salam ibn taymiyyah, he was born in 1263 in harran, turkey about 600 years after the holy prophet muhammad sal. The first generations of muslims al salaf and the imams of the four sunni schools of fiqh have all agreed that he. Parents and teachers would find it beneficial to use this book as group reading both at home and in the classroom. Wahhabism is a radicalized offshoot of the hanbali madhhab. It is famous as it contains the passages regarding ibn taymiyyah and his relationship with the qadiri tariqa. Ibn taymiyyah was born in 1263 in harran and died in 28 in damascus. The dogmatic and antirationalistic positions of traditionalist theology was also related to the source on which islamism thoughts are based on. The school of ibn taymiyyah the root of islamic terrorism.
An open letter to all people that wahhabism is not islam. A member of the hanbali school of jurisprudence founded by ahmad ibn hanbal, and a polarizing figure in his own lifetime, ibn taymiyyah. This article outlines the relationship between the hanbali school and sufism tasawuff. Wahhabism the school of ibn taymiyyah the root of terrorism documentary 18 dreamstate wg. Aug, 2015 it should be noted that ibn taymiyyah never produced a doctrine called salafism. Ibn aljawzi, an orthodox sunni scholar, documents the evolution of the kharijite movements and illustrates how the tribe of banu tamim played a leading role in it. It has been a great honor to write this master thesis for the faculty of theology at the. The late great scholar of alazhar and specialist of juridical principles usul, imam muhammad abu zahra, wrote in his book on the history of the madhahib schools in islam titled tarikh almadhahib alislamiyya history of the islamic schools. Jon hoover in his work ibn taymiyyah s theodicy of perpetual optimism. Ibn taymiyyah is referred to as sheikh ulislam in particular by the wahhabi school of thought who use ibn taymiyyah s. Difference between sunni and wahabi difference between. Wahhabi theology and jurisprudencebased, respectively, on the teachings of the theologian ibn taymiyyah and the legal school of a. This short treatise is an ideal work for the muslim in order to understand the essence of shirk, and thus essential reading for the one who wishes to avoid falling into the greatest trap of shaytan.
There he worked to spread the call dawa for what he believed was a. The explanation of the work of muhammad ibn abdul wahhab has been taken from the works of ibn jibrin, salih al alsheikh, and other major scholars. Who is muhammad ibn abd alwahhab, and is he taught in saudi. It started out as a sect of sunni islam in the remote interior of the arabian peninsula and is practiced by those who follow the teachings of muhammad ibn abd alwahhab 17031792, after whom the movement takes its name. Laamiyyah attributed to shaykh alislaam ibn taymiyyah rahimahullaah translated by abu.
In defence of the four imamsibn taymiyyah lamppost. Ibn taymiyyah was controversial because of his theology and some points like three talaqs i never understood this issue about talaqs. Ibn taymiyyah seems to have been the first to introduce this distinction. Further reading on ibn taymiyyah and his approach to sufism. The british got ibn saud and abdul wahhab into an alliance with each other, where the political backing would be given to wahhabism by ibn saud and wahhabism would be the official religion of ibn. All other sunni schools of jurisprudence, not just wahhabism, have antishia views, but. Ibn taymiyyah s teachings had three main implications for wahhabi doctrines. Wahhabism is it a factor in the spread of global terrorism. Abd alwahhab is the founder of the saudi sunni sect, and unless you paid close attention to islamic studies in middle school or are saudi clericislamic studies teachers. This documentary studies their teachings and why so much.
Born to a family of jurists, ibn abd alwahhabs early education consisted of learning a fairly standard curriculum of orthodox jurisprudence according to the. Ibn taymiyyah was noted for emphasis he put on the importance of jihad and for the careful and lengthy attention he gave to the questions of martyrdom in jihad, such as benefits and blessings to be had for martyrs in the afterlife. The fatwas of ibn taymiyyah abd alrahman ibn muhammad ibn. It was read over the minbar of masjid jami dimashq on friday, in the year 705h. Imams and muslim judges belong to wahhabism and they are guided by the views of ibn taymiyyah in their decisions. The members of these two sects, wahhabism and sala. Wahhabism is founded by muhammad ibn abd alwahhab based on beliefs of ibn taymiyyah in saudi arabia. A strong influence on ibn taymiyyah was the founder of the hanbali school of islamic jurisprudence, ahmad ibn hanbal. The primary doctrine of wahhabism is tawhid, the uniqueness and unity of god. This study will initially introduce ibn taymiyyah 1263 28 a. In previous postings, 1and in an article in perspectives on terrorism.
Book of faith represents the first complete english translation of the important and wellknown work kitab aliman, written by the renowned thirteenthcentury muslim scholar llbn taymiyyah. Why the impact of the medieval scholar ibn taymiyyah is. It has proven particularly powerful in outbidding alqaeda for recruits. Ideological roots and political context religious concepts to recruit and justify its acts, or to foster sympathy and neutralize forces that actively reject it. The major difference between sunni and wahabi is the beliefs and rituals. Pdf the hanbali and wahhabi schools of thought as observed. For english speakers throughout the world it can often be difficult to access authentic sources of knowledge, however there remains a wealth of information at our fingertips if our resources are utilized properly. Just as wahhabism is linked to ibn taymiyyah in one respect, so the reformists ideas of abduh, who is called the restorer mujaddid of the current century, are linked to ibn taymiyyah. Islam as the school of unity a new analysis of wahhabi. Ibn taymiyyah for short, medieval sunni muslim theologian, jurisconsult, logician, and reformer. Read the following small text which proves exactly the opposite. From an early age, ibn taymiyyah was firmly grounded in islamic traditional education, with emphasis on the quran, hadith, and the arabic language.
Abdullah alis introduction to in defence of the four imams by ibn taymiyyah. Abd alwahhab 17031792 studies in medina, basra dissemination of his views emergence of saudiwahhabi pact first saudi state 17441818 second saudi state 18181891 third saudi state 1932 4. The life account of shaykh ibn abd alwahhab and ibn saud. Answer to shaikh adly, response by hisham mohammed kabbani. In our lifetime, wahhabism is the official sect of the kingdom of saudi arabia. Our present society teeming with polytheistic and innovated practices such as invoking the dead, festivals at shrines, seeking help of soothsayers and exorcists, celebration of the birth or death anniversaries of prophets and saints, unlawful vow and sanctification of persons, places and times, belief in omens and countless other superstitions. Ibn taymiyyah started agitating in demand of death penalty for assaf, and as the movement gathered momentum, he succeeded in mobilizing a huge crowd in front of the governors house.
Founded by adbul wahhab of the arabian peninsula, 18th century ce. Salafism, wahhabism, and the definition of sunni islam by rob williams according to pew, 8590% of muslims worldwide are sunni. Iman has served to define the nature of muslim life and the essence of the religion as a whole. It was the first time that ibn taymiyyah was jailed. There are many claims that muhammad ibn abd alwahhab founded wahhabism which is a extremist sect of islam. Ibn battuta tuhfatunnuzzar even abd arraziq pasha, who was a disciple of abduh and followed in his footsteps, said. A member of the hanbali school of jurisprudence founded by ahmad ibn hanbal, ibn taymiyyah was also a member of the qadiriyya sufi order. A general reader would find it most useful to acquire clarity on important points of islamic faith. By wahhabism it means that shaykh muhammad ibn abd alwahhab must be followed in sociopolitical and religious issues because he has taught his followers the way to reform religion and society. The islamic traditions of wahhabism and salafiyya pdf.