In subjects with chronic incomplete sci asia d, the extent of atrophy at the c2 level on t1 images is correlated with the asia motor score leftright cord width and with the asia pinprick and light touch scores anteriorposterior cord width, and both motor and sensory measures correlated with spinal cord. Spinal stabilization and management zprotect spine at all times during the management of patients with multiple injuries. The shoulder is in neutral rotation, neutral flexionextension, and adducted. Prints documents with asian fonts that arent installed on the printer or embedded in. The ais replaced the modified frankel scale and became the. The asia impairment scale ais classifies motor and sensory impairment that results from a spinal cord injury sci. This paper tests the hypothesis that a more accurate representation of motor function is obtained using separate upper and lower extremity scales rather than combining all 20 key muscle ratings into a single asia. The american spinal injury association impairment scale is a standardized neurological examination used by the rehabilitation team to assess the sensory and motor levels which were affected by the spinal cord. It divides spinal cord injuries into 5 categories, ae, with optional clinical syndromes. The international standards for neurological classification of sci isncsciis a widely accepted and readily administered guide to document neurological function after spinal cord injury sci and is. Motor exam guide c5 elbow flexors biceps brachii, brachialis. Frankel grading system, asia american spinal injury association grading system, asia scoring system. Diagnosis and prognosis of traumatic spinal cord injury. Spinal cord association asia and international spinal cord society iscos.
Asian, cyrillic, and righttoleft text in pdfs, acrobat adobe support. The cost associated with spinal cord injuries is substantial, with estimates of the average lifetime cost of direct care ranging from usd 1. The asia american spinal injury association impairment scale ais, based on the frankel scale, is a clinicianadministered scale used to classify. The international standards for the neurological classification of spinal cord injury isncsci were initially developed as the american spinal injury association asia standards for the classification of spinal cord. The shoulder is in neutral rotation, neutral flexionextension, and. The purpose of this report is to summarize the asia impairment scale, a part of the international standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury, and summarize leveling and grading with examples. Pdfdateien mit adobe acrobat pro optimieren adobe support. The large majority of individuals with complete spinal cord injuries as defined by the american spinal injury association asia impairment scale.
Asia classification the asia american spinal injury association assessment protocol consists of two sensory examinations, a motor examination and a classification framework the impairment scale to quantify the severity of the spinal cord. The degree of completeness of a sci is classified using the asia impairment scale ais. This is a orthopedic teaching video from orthopedic medical students on trauma or elective orthopedic surgery and relevant topics. American spinal injury association impairment scale an. Elbow flexorsright c4 elbow flexors left wrist extensors. Asia impairment scale ais spinal cord injuries are classified in general terms of being neurologically complete or incomplete based upon sacral sparing, which refers to the presence of sensory or motor function in the most caudal sacral segments i. Cervical spine nerve root exam everything you need to know. Sensory but not motor function is preserved below the neurological level and includes the sacral segments s4s5.
The asia impairment scale builds on the earlier frankel scale but. The demographics of patients with spinal cord injuries have broadened with time, however, males still account for 80% of new patients with spinal cord injuries. The american spinal injury association was created in 1973 to facilitate the exchange of research, data, and ideas among practitioners involved in the treatment of patients with spinal cord. Advanced pdf print settings in adobe acrobat pro for postscript and. Selecting this option reduces the overall size of the print job, but it. American spinal injury association asia impairment scale ncbi. The asia impairment scale describes a persons functional impairment as a result of their spinal cord injury. The level of the sci in relation to the ending of the spinal cord. No motor or sensory function is preserved in the sacral segments s4s5. The injury may actually tear the spinal cord and its nerve fibers.
International standards for neurological classification of. Clinical predictors of recovery after blunt spinal cord. International standards for the classification of spinal. Asia impairment scale american spinal injury association. The american spinal injury association asia international spinal cord society iscos neurological standard scale ais is currently regarded as the standard measure for neurologic. The elbow is fully extended, with the forearm in full supination. Asia impairment scale ais score spinal cord injury. Isncsci algorithm calculator to score the asia impairment. Motor function is preserved below the neurological level, and more than half of key. Isncsci algorithm calculator to score the asia impairment scale, by the rick hansen institute. American spinal injury association impairment scale ais. Based on the international standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury isncsci for the impairment scale published by asia.
International standards for the classification of spinal cord injury. Asia impairment scale and spinal cord injuries youtube. The asia scale stands for the american spinal injury association scale and is used to describe the level of a persons spinal cord injury. Sensory function below neurologic level and in s4s5, no motor function below neurologic level. Advanced pdf print settings, adobe acrobat adobe support. Figure 2 is taken from the asia classification manual. Asia is committed to the well being of people with spinal cord injurydisease and to educate members, other healthcare professionals, patients and their families. A dermatome is a patch of skin that is innervated by a given spinal cord level. The complete monotub tek cultivation walkthrough the easiest way to grow mushrooms indoors. The american spinal injury association asia assessment is the international standard for the neurological classification of spinal cord injury. You can use acrobat to view, search, and print pdf documents that contain asian text traditional and simplified chinese. American spinal injury association the premier north.
The incidence of tsci is estimated to be 11 to 53 new cases per million population. Basic facts spinal cord injury occurs when there is any damage to the spinal cord that blocks communication between the brain and the body. The use of the american spinal injury association asia motor score as an outcome measure requires metrological study. An infection or disease can produce the same results. Functional outcomes following spinal cord injuryvfinal. The asia impairment scale is another helpful guide to understanding an injury, it was developed by doctors at the american spinal injury association asia to categorize the extent of an injury in terms of the degree of damage to the spinal cord.
The spinal cord ends at approximately the level of t12l1 and beyond that the nerve bundle branches out to become the cauda equina. Schadler paul, shue jennifer, and girardi fp spine care institute, hospital for special surgery, usa. Traumatic spinal cord injury sci is a serious disorder that has a profound impact on a patients physical and psychosocial wellbeing. Asia impairment scale ais in complete injuries only zone of partial preservation most caudal level with any innervation sensory motor this form may be copied freely but should not be altered without permission from the american spinal injury association. After a spinal cord injury, a persons sensory, motor and reflex messages are affected and may not be able to get past the damage in the spinal cord. Rev 1115 right uer upper extremity right t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 l1 ler lower extremity right s2. In most spinal cord injuries, the vertebrae pinch the spinal cord. American spinal cord injury association asia impairment. Instructions for the use of the walking index for spinal cord injury ii wisci ii march 2005 scoring see attached scoring sheet the walking index for spinal cord injury scale wisci 2 has demonstrated a response to change in the spinal cord. A current effort of the asia and iscos international standards committee is to publish a series of papers in spinal cord summarizing and justifying the changes of the recent revision and. An international data sets has been developed based on asia. Several clinical, imaging, and therapeutic factors affecting recovery following spinal cord injury sci have been described.
Construct validity and dimensional structure of the asia. There are approximately 12,500 spinal cord injuries in the us annually 15, with global incidence ranging from 3,000 to 226,000 cases annually 8. The questionnaires, subscale items, scoring description and computer syntax are available to download as pdf documents. There are approximately 12,500 spinal cord injuries in the us. The walking index for spinal cord injury wisci is an ordinal scale that captures the extent and nature of assistance combinations of orthoses, supporting equipment such as walkers and human helpers that persons with spinal cord. The american spinal injury association was created in 1973 to facilitate the exchange of research, data, and ideas among practitioners involved in the treatment of patients with spinal.